LandMark Publications: Electric Utilities (Litigator Series)
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THIS CASEBOOK contains a selection of 191 U. S. Court of Appeals decisions that analyze and discuss issues affecting the regulation of electric utilities and wholesale electricity markets. The selection of decisions spans from 2004 to the date of publication. Under the Federal Power Act, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") has jurisdiction over the "transmission of electric energy in interstate commerce," 16 U.S.C. § 824(b)(1), and is responsible for maintaining the reliability of the electric grid, see id. § 824o(b)(1). FERC has certified the North American Electric Reliability Corporation ("NERC") as the nations "electric reliability organization," and NERC has developed enforceable standards to ensure electric grid reliability. See Alcoa, Inc. v. FERC, 564 F.3d 1342, 1344-45 (D.C. Cir. 2009). FERC regulates electricity grid managers known as Independent System Operators ("ISOs") or Regional Transmission Organizations ("RTOs") (collectively, "System Operators"), who are responsible for ensuring electric reliability within their regions of responsibility. See Braintree Elec. Light Dept v. FERC, 550 F.3d 6, 8-9 (D.C. Cir. 2008) (describing history of RTOs). [Footnote omitted.] Delaware Department of Natural Resources And Environmental Control v. Environmental Protection Agency, (DC Cir. 2015). These System Operators are usually involved in both the energy and capacity markets. Energy "is the amount of electricity generators actually provide to the grid and is available to be used at any moment. Organized wholesale electricity markets buy and supply electricity instantaneously." Kennedy Maize, Texas and the Capacity Market Debate, Power Mag., Feb. 1, 2014. [Footnote omitted.] Delaware Department of Natural Resources And Environmental Control v. Environmental Protection Agency, ibid. Capacity is different. "Capacity is not electricity itself but the ability to produce it when necessary. It amounts to a kind of call option that electricity transmitters purchase from parties generally, generators who can either produce more or consume less when required." Conn. Dept of Pub. Util. Control v. FERC, 569 F.3d 477, 479 (D.C. Cir. 2009); see also Me. Pub. Util. Commn v. FERC, 520 F.3d 464, 467 (D.C. Cir. 2008) (per curiam), revd in part sub nom. NRG Power Mktg., LLC v. Me. Pub. Util. Commn, 558 U.S. 165 (2010). These sales may occur years in advance of when the capacity is actually needed; power generators are thus able to plan and build facilities to meet future demand. See Md. Pub. Serv. Commn v. FERC, 632 F.3d 1283, 1284-85 (D.C. Cir. 2011) (per curiam). Delaware Department of Natural Resources And Environmental Control v. Environmental Protection Agency, ibid. ISOs and RTOs typically require local utilities delivering electricity to users (known as "load-serving entities," or LSEs) to purchase a certain amount of capacity to ensure reliability during periods of high demand. See, e.g., Elec. Consumers Res. Council v. FERC, 407 F.3d 1232, 1234 (D.C. Cir. 2005). "The goal is for [utilities] to purchase sufficient capacity to easily meet expected peaks in electricity demand on their transmission systems." Conn. Dept of Pub. Util. Control, 569 F.3d at 479. Delaware Department of Natural Resources And Environmental Control v. Environmental Protection Agency, ibid. â?¢ â?¢ â?¢ â?¢Much of it has too many practical examples and not enough theoretical backingMonthly 2-page-spread views facilitate big-picture planningSocial life is full of paradoxesNever daring to ask the question as to where all the children came fromIn this Belwin Classic Library edition, each page of the music is spaciously laid out, meticulous and uncluttered, with clear, clean engraving download Electric Utilities (Litigator Series) pdf Ever wondered "where to find vegan food near me?" Or do you want to know where a vegan can eat? This step-by-step vegan travel guide shows you how to research and locate vegan-friendly (or vegetarian, raw, or gluten-free) fare in any cityItâ??s no secret that women are generally worse off after a divorce, but there are things you can do to change that more Profiles the lives and work of nine scientists, inventors, and thinkers who have made significant contributions in the various fields of science and industry, including Aristotle, Jonas Salk, and Thomas Alva Edison Electric Utilities (Litigator Series) free download pdf This seminal work asserts that free spiritual activity - understood as the human ability to think and act independently of physical nature - is the suitable path for human beings today to gain true knowledge of themselves and of the universeRochelle Ballard 2 download Electric Utilities (Litigator Series) pdf By completing the Business Plan Questionnaire, you are taking a step that will put you ahead of your peers and competitorsRating:
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